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采用田间小区试验研究了丹江口库区玉米和水稻的氮合理用量。结果表明,在施用90kg/hm2P2O5和135.0kg/hm2K2O基础上,玉米最高产量施氮量和最佳经济施氮量分别为276.4kg/hm2和236.2kg/hm2;在施用90.0kg/hm2P2O5、75.0kg/hm2K2O和3.0kg/hm2大粒锌基础上,水稻最高产量施氮量和最佳经济施氮量分别为213.8kg/hm2和189.6kg/hm2;当玉米施氮量为225.0kg/hm2时,比不施氮增产35.8%,氮肥产投比、农学效率和表观利用率分别为4.90、11.4kg/kg和29.9%,玉米氮吸收总量为174.9kg/hm2,养分吸收量之比为N∶P2O5∶K2O=1.00∶0.51∶1.01;当水稻施氮量为180.0kg/hm2时,比不施氮增产28.5%,氮肥产投比、农学效率和表观利用率分别为5.67、12.1kg/kg和39.1%,水稻氮吸收总量为156.1kg/hm2,养分吸收量之比为N∶P2O5∶K2O=1.00∶0.34∶1.20。
Field experiments were conducted to study the reasonable amount of N in corn and rice in Danjiangkou reservoir area. The results showed that under the application of 90kg / hm2P2O5 and 135.0kg / hm2K2O, the highest yield of nitrogen and the best economic nitrogen were 276.4kg / hm2 and 236.2kg / hm2, respectively. When applying 90.0kg / hm2P2O5, 75.0kg / hm2K2O and 3.0kg / hm2 granule zinc, the highest nitrogen yield and optimal economic nitrogen application rate were 213.8kg / hm2 and 189.6kg / hm2 respectively. When the nitrogen application rate was 225.0kg / hm2, The yield of N fertilizer, agronomic efficiency and apparent utilization rate were 4.90, 11.4 kg / kg and 29.9% respectively. The total nitrogen uptake by maize was 174.9 kg / hm2, and the ratio of nutrient uptake was N: P2O5:K2O = 1.00: 0.51:1.01. When the nitrogen application rate was 180.0kg / hm2, the yield of nitrogen fertilizer was 28.5% higher than that of no nitrogen application. The ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer production, agronomic efficiency and apparent utilization rate were 5.67 and 12.1kg / kg And 39.1% respectively. The total nitrogen uptake by rice was 156.1 kg / hm2, and the ratio of nutrient uptake was N: P2O5: K2O = 1.00: 0.34: 1.20.