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目的分析南海某战区部队2008~2012年肺结核流行病学特征及干预效果,为制订结核病防控措施提供依据。方法收集南海某战区40多个师团单位及驻军医院传染病疫情登记资料和住院资料,分析肺结核登记率情况、人群、职业和时间分布等特征;同时,对肺结核患者密切接触者进行预防性药物干预。结果南战区某部近5年间肺结核登记率呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=15.40 P<0.01),平均年登记率为64.9/10万;发病人数以每年5~10月份多见(占59.6%),发病人群以入伍1~3年新兵和医院的医务人员多见。对356例肺结核密切接触者采用预防性化疗,随访1.5~2年后,仅1例发病,患者所在单位均未见聚集性肺结核病例发生。结论加强官兵尤其新兵的体检,加强医务人员的防护,密切接触者给予预防性服药均有利于疫情的防控。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features and intervention effects of tuberculosis among military units in a theater of the South China Sea from 2008 to 2012 and provide evidence for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods The data of registration of epidemic situation and hospitalization of over 40 division units and military hospitals in a theater of the South China Sea were collected to analyze the characteristics such as the registration rate, population, occupation and time distribution of tuberculosis. At the same time, prophylactic drugs Intervention. Results The registration rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in a certain area of Nan Theater was declining year by year (χ2 = 15.40 P <0.01), with an average annual registration rate of 64.9 / 100 000. The incidence of tuberculosis was more common in May to October (59.6%), The incidence of recruits to recruits 1 to 3 years recruits and hospital medical staff more common. Prophylactic chemotherapy was administered to 356 patients with close contacts of tuberculosis. Only 1 patient was followed up 1.5 to 2 years later. No cases of cluster pulmonary tuberculosis occurred in the patients. Conclusion Strengthening the physical examination of officers and soldiers, especially recruits, and strengthening the protection of medical personnel, and prophylactic taking of medicines by close contacts are all conducive to the prevention and control of the epidemic.