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基于近圆轨道卫星的特点,通过理论公式推导,确定卫星星下点轨道,建立近圆轨道卫星过顶时间预报的数学模型.首先依据观察站确定卫星进出观察站接收圈时星下点的经纬度,然后根据该点经纬度与卫星倾斜角推求卫星的升交点或者降交点,最后从升交点或者降交点出发外推不超过1/4周期,两者合并得到整个周期的卫星轨迹推导公式.将模型应用于已知和未知卫星轨道根数的实际军事行动避空侦察中去,与实际检测情况相比误差较小、吻合度较高,说明模型有较好的工程应用价值.
Based on the characteristics of near-circular orbiting satellites, the mathematical model of the satellite orbital point orbit determination and the prediction of near-circular orbital satellite over-time is deduced by theoretical formula.Firstly, the longitude and latitude of the satellite under-sea point , And then calculate the ascending or descending point of the satellite according to the latitude and longitude of the point and the satellite tilt angle, and finally deduce the satellite trajectory derivation formula from the ascending point or the descending point for a period of not more than 1/4 cycle, The practical military operations applied to the known or unknown number of orbiting satellites to avoid airborne surveillance have less error and better agreement than the actual detection, indicating that the model has good engineering application value.