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目的：探讨失神癫?儿童智商（IQ ）、事件相关电位（ERP ）P300的变化特点，分析两者在癫?患儿中的应用价值，企为临床评估癫?患者认知功能障碍及发现亚临床病变提供客观依据。方法：选取70例失神癫?儿童的相应检查与31例年龄、性别、文化程度相匹配的健康志愿儿童，进行治疗前、治疗6个月后的言语智商（VIQ）、操作智商（PIQ）、总智商（FIQ）及ERP P300测量并进行比较。结果：①失神癫?组儿童治疗前 PIQ、FIQ 评分 t＝5．040、3．864，低于对照组的103．5（±7．4）和103．2（±9．1），P300潜伏期长于对照组，t＝2．338，差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；②治疗后失神癫?组与对照组在IQ、P300潜伏期及波幅比较差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）；③失神癫?组治疗后 PIQ、FIQ评分较治疗前明显升高，t＝5．991、6．173，P300潜伏期较治疗前缩短，t＝4．200，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；④对失神癫?组P300潜伏期与FIQ进行相关性分析，其相关系数 r＝－0．706，呈明显负相关（ P＜0．05），即潜伏期越长，智商评分越低。结论：失神癫?儿童中有部分存在智力受损，通过IQ及ERP P300检测，均可发现其存在智力受损，特别是ERP的P300潜伏期延长，有利于早期发现患儿智力异常。同时两者均可以作为评估临床药物治疗效果的客观、定量的监测方法。“,”Objective:To explore the intelligence conditions and event‐related potential P300 in chil‐dren with absence epilepsy(CAE) ,analyze the clinical value of them ,and provide objective evidence for the existance of cognitive handicap in CAE and sub‐clinical defect .Methods:Seventy patients with CAE and thirty‐one age ,gender and education‐matched healthy control subjects were involved in this study . Their intelligence conditions and event‐related potential P300 before and after six months’ treatment were compared .Results:①In CAE group before treatment ,the scores in PIQ and FIQ were lower than those of the control group (t=5 .040、3 .864) and the latency of P300 was prolonged (t=2 .338 ,P0 .05) .③In CAE group after treatment treatment ,the scores in PIQ and FIQ (t=5 .991、6 .173) , and the latency of P300 was reduced compared with their scores before theatment (t=4 .200 ,P<0 .05) .④There was negative correlation of P300 latency and PIQ and FIQ test scores (r= -0 .706) .There was more extension of P300 latency and lower scores in PIQ and FIQ .Conclusion:Intelligence impairment ex‐ists in children with partly CAE Their intelligence impairment could be found through intelligence scoresand event‐related potential P300 ,and moreover the prolonged latency of P300 could be found in the early stage .Intelligence scores and event‐related potential P300 may be employed to evaluate the therapeutic effect as two objective parameters.