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目的研究制定栽培青蒿精油的质量标准。方法水蒸气蒸馏法提取精油,GC-MS法分析精油的化学组成。结果21批精油样品中共鉴定出72个相对百分含量大于1.00%化合物,其中樟脑(2.58%~37.50%)、龙脑(2.40%~40.58%)、β-石竹烯(2.02%~13.10%)、大根香叶烯-D(0.00%~10.85%),β-石竹烯氧化物(0.00%~10.33%)、匙叶桉油烯醇(0.00%~7.55%)、2-(4 a,8-二甲基-1,2,3,4,4 a,5,6,7-八氢-2-萘基)-2-丙烯-1-醇(0.00%~5.62%)、杜松醇(0.00%~4.83%)和β-芹子烯(0.00~3.25%)在精油样品中普遍存在;且在16个精油样品中总量均在50.00%以上,最高达85.21%。结论据文献报道的上述化合物的药理活性并结合本实验的研究结果综合分析,初步制定青蒿精油的质量标准如下:9个化合物在精油中的总含量应该不低于50.00%。
Objective To study the quality standard of cultivating essential oil of Artemisia annua. Methods The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Results A total of 72 compounds with relative percentages of more than 1.00% were identified in 21 batches of essential oil samples, including camphor (2.58% -37.5%), borneol (2.40% -40.58%) and β-caryophyllene (2.02% -13.10% , Germacrene-D (0.00% -10.85%), β-carvedilole (0.00% -10.33%), eucalyptol eucalyptol (0.00% -7.55%), 2- (4 a, 8 -dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,6,7-octahydro-2-naphthyl) -2-propen-1-ol (0.00% to 5.62% 0.0083%) and β-paeoniflorin (0.00-3.25%) were all found in the essential oil samples. The total contents of the 16 essential oil samples were over 50.00% and up to 85.21%. Conclusions According to the reported pharmacological activities of the above compounds combined with the results of the present study, the quality standards for the initial preparation of A. annua oil are as follows: The total content of 9 compounds in the essential oil should not be less than 50.00%.