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FACE(free air gas concentration enrichment)研究使用标准的作物管理技术,在完全开放的大田条件下运行,代表了目前人类对未来大气环境的最好模拟。利用独特的大型稻田FACE平台,以典型的常规水稻品种武粳15(粳稻)和扬稻6号(籼稻)为供试材料,研究近地层臭氧(O3)浓度升高(比大气背景臭氧浓度平均增高26%)对常规水稻颖花形成的影响。结果表明:(1)高浓度O3对供试品种全穗以及一、二次枝梗颖化分化数均无显著影响;(2)高浓度O3使供试品种全穗和二次枝梗颖花退化数和退化率均显著增加,颖花退化增多是由于现存一次枝梗上二次枝梗大量退化而引起的二次颖花退化所造成;(3)颖花退化数在颖花分化数中所占比例很低,故高浓度O3对两供试品种全穗和一、二次枝梗颖花现存数以及稻穗构成均无显著影响。结合前报可知,选用常规水稻品种以及增施保花肥可能是未来近地层高浓度O3环境下稻作生产重要的适应措施。
The FACE (free air gas concentration enrichment) study, which operates on fully open field conditions using standard crop management techniques, represents the best simulation of the future human environment for the future atmosphere. Using the unique FACE platform of large-scale rice fields, the typical conventional rice varieties Wujing 15 (japonica rice) and Yangdao 6 (indica rice) were used as experimental materials to study the increase of ozone (O3) concentrations in the near-surface layer Increase 26%) on the formation of conventional rice spikelets. The results showed that: (1) High concentrations of O3 had no significant effect on the panicles of the tested varieties and the numbers of the first and second stems; (2) The number of degeneration and the rate of degeneration were significantly increased, and the increased degeneration of spikelets was due to the secondary degeneration of spikelets caused by the large degeneration of secondary branchlets on the existing primary branch. (3) Accounting for a very low proportion, so the high concentration of O3 had no significant effect on the total spike and the number of primary and secondary branches spikelets and the composition of the panicle of two cultivars. Combined with the previous report shows that the use of conventional rice varieties and additional bumper fertilizer may be future high concentrations of ozone in the near-field rice production is an important adaptation measures.