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在宁夏银北地区选取3种有代表性的不同类型耐盐植物(红柳、苇状羊茅、油葵)进行盐碱土的生物改良试验研究。经过3年(2008-2011)试验表明:耐盐植物的耐盐指数表现为:红柳>苇状羊茅>油葵。种植3种不同类型耐盐植物的耕作层土壤容重均发生了不同程度的降低,表层容重降低最为显著,红柳、苇状羊茅、油葵的表层(0～20 cm)土壤容重较对照分别降低了24.16%、27.53%和24.72%。3种植物措施下的土壤入渗能力都有不同程度的增强,与对照相比,红柳、苇状羊茅、油葵3种处理的土壤初始入渗率分别是对照的9.96倍、3.74倍和1.49倍,稳定入渗率分别为对照的5.33倍、3.49倍和1.65倍。表明耐盐植物对盐碱土具有明显的生物改良效果,且不同类型耐盐植物的改良作用具有一定差异。选择合适的耐盐植物类型及种植模式是实现提高盐碱地生物改良效果的关键。
Three representative types of salt-tolerant plants (Tamarisk, Tall Fescue, Oil sunflower) were selected to study the biological improvement of saline-alkali soil in the north of Ningxia. After three years (2008-2011) tests showed that: Salt tolerance of salt-tolerant plants showed: Tamarisk> Tall fescue> sunflower. The bulk density of tillage layer of three different types of salt-tolerant plants was reduced to some extent, and the bulk density of the tillage layer decreased most significantly. The bulk density of the surface layer (0-20 cm) of Tamarix spp., Tall fescue, and oil sunflower decreased compared with the control 24.16%, 27.53% and 24.72% respectively. Compared with the control, the initial soil infiltration rates of the three treatments of Hongliu, Tall Fescue and Sunflower were 9.96 times and 3.74 times as much as the control respectively 1.49 times, the steady infiltration rates were 5.33 times the control, 3.49 times and 1.65 times. Salt-tolerant plants showed that saline-alkali soil has obvious biological improvement effect, and different types of salt-tolerant plants have some differences in the improvement. Selecting the appropriate salt-tolerant plant types and planting patterns is the key to improving the biological improvement of saline-alkali land.