合作学习(cooperative learning)是一种旨在促进学生在异质小组中互相合作,达成共同的学习目标,并以小组的总体成绩为奖励依据的教学策略体系。合作学习于20世纪70年代初兴起于美国,20世纪70年代中期至80年代中期取得实质性进展,是一种富有创意和实效的教学理论与策略。由于合作学习在改善课堂内的社会心理气氛、提高学生的学业成绩、促进学生合作意识等良好非认知品质等方面效果显著,很快在全世界范围内引起了很大反响,并成为当代主流教学理论与策略之一,被人们誉为“近十几年来最重要和最成功的教学改革”。 Cooperative learning (cooperative learning) is a teaching strategy system designed to promote students to cooperate with each other in a heterogeneous group to achieve common learning goals and rewards based on the overall performance of the group. Cooperative learning emerged in the United States in the early 1970s and made substantial progress from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. It is a creative and effective teaching theory and strategy. Cooperative learning has achieved remarkable results in the whole world and has become the mainstream of the contemporary world due to its remarkable effect in improving the social and psychological atmosphere in the classroom, improving students ’academic performance, and promoting good non-cognitive qualities such as students’ awareness of cooperation. One of the teaching theories and strategies has been praised as “the most important and successful teaching reform in recent ten years.”