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沙漠地区巨厚低降速层的存在,使地震资料的分辨率和信噪比大大降低,研究地震波在低降速层的传播特征,补偿地震波被吸收的能量,对油气勘探意义重大。根据沙漠区被调查点低降速带的厚度、地形地貌特点,设计野外采集观测系统进行品质因子野外调查,采用频谱比法计算品质因子,用粘弹性波动方程,把地表接收到的信号延拓到高速层的顶面,从而完成低降速带对地震资料吸收衰减的补偿工作。通过实际资料的应用,获得了比较好的效果。
The existence of the huge and low velocity layer in the desert greatly reduces the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data. Studying the propagation characteristics of seismic waves at low velocity layers and compensating for the energy absorbed by the seismic waves are of great significance to oil and gas exploration. According to the characteristics of low velocity zone and topography in the desert area under investigation, a field observation system was designed to conduct quality factor field investigation. The quality factor was calculated by spectrum ratio method. The viscoelastic wave equation was used to extend the signal received by the surface To the top of the high-velocity layer, so as to complete the compensation of the attenuation and attenuation of seismic data by the low-velocity deceleration zone. Through the application of actual data, get better results.