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早在50年代,国外已发现奥氏体不锈钢与低合金钢的异种钢接头失效问题是电厂中的一个麻烦问题,曾对此进行过大量的研究,但问题至今未得到根本的解决,ASME/ASTM/MPC联合发起组成了异种钢焊接工作组。这是一个跨国的组织有英国,加拿大和日本等国参加,开过多次会议,制订过研究发展规划。本文介绍异种钢接头失效问题的历史和现状,失效的冶金特点,现在被一般人接受的失效原因,和失效原因的讨论等。过去,我国锅炉过热器和再热器均不采用奥氏体不锈钢,因此不存在这个问题,现在要进口大机组和引进技术设计的30万和60万千瓦机组的锅炉过热器和再热器都有奥氏体钢的异种钢接头。
As early as the 1950s, foreign countries have found that the failure of dissimilar steel joints of austenitic stainless steels and low-alloy steels is a troublesome problem in power plants. There have been a lot of studies on this issue, but the problem has not yet been fundamentally solved so far. ASME / ASTM / MPC co-sponsored the formation of dissimilar steel welding working group. This is a multinational organization with the participation of Britain, Canada, Japan and other countries. It has held many meetings and formulated research and development plans. This paper introduces the history and current situation of the failure of dissimilar steel joints, the characteristics of the failed metallurgy, the causes of failure now accepted by most people, and the discussion of the causes of failure. In the past, China’s boiler superheater and reheater are not used austenitic stainless steel, so there is no such problem, and now to import large units and the introduction of technology designed 300,000 and 600,000 kilowatts of boiler superheater and reheater are Austenitic steel heterogeneous steel joints.