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目的了解深圳市宝安区和光明新区2006-2012年突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征,为突发公共卫生事件预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对深圳市宝安区和光明新区2006-2012年突发公共卫生事件的流行病学调查资料进行统计分析。结果深圳市宝安区和光明新区2006-2012年共发生59起突发公共卫生事件,共有2 984人发病,6例死亡,罹患率为2.90%,死亡率为0.59/10万,病死率为0.20%;报告较大级突发公共卫生事件1起1例,一般级事件58起2 983例,较大级的死亡率(χ2=34.54,P<0.01)、病死率(χ2=123.62,P<0.01)比一般级高,差异有统计意义。传染病类报告57起,发病2 916例,罹患率为2.81%,死亡率为0.59/10万,病死率为0.20%;食物中毒类2起,发病68例,无死亡病例,罹患率为29.72%。报告以8月居多,8月发生病例数占总数的37.60%。发生在工厂企业1 547例,占总数的51.80%;发生在学校1 269例,占总数的42.50%。结论宝安区和光明新区报告的突发公共卫生事件以传染病类和食物中毒类为主,发生场所主要是工厂企业和学校。应加强工厂企业和学校的卫生管理,加强传染病疫情防控和食品安全规范化管理,对易感人群进行预防接种,预防传染性疾病的扩散,完善公共场所的卫生设施,做好消毒工作,开展广泛的健康宣传和培训。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of public health emergencies in Bao’an District and Guangming New District of Shenzhen City from 2006 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of public health emergencies from 2006 to 2012 in Baoan District and Guangming New District of Shenzhen City. Results A total of 59 public health emergencies occurred in Bao’an District of Shenzhen City and Guangming New District from 2006 to 2012. A total of 2 984 people were affected and 6 died. The rate of attack was 2.90%, the death rate was 0.59 / 100000 and the case fatality rate was 0.20 %. One case of higher-level public health emergency was reported, and 2 983 cases of general-level events were reported. The higher-level mortality rate (χ2 = 34.54, P <0.01) and the mortality rate 0.01) than the average level, the difference was statistically significant. 57 cases of infectious diseases were reported, 2 916 cases were reported, the attack rate was 2.81%, the mortality rate was 0.59 / 100 000 and the case fatality rate was 0.20%. There were 2 food poisoning cases and 68 cases with no deaths and the attack rate was 29.72 %. The report was mostly in August, accounting for 37.60% of the total cases in August. 1 547 cases occurred in factory enterprises, accounting for 51.80% of the total; 1,269 cases occurred in schools, accounting for 42.50% of the total. Conclusions The public health emergencies reported by Baoan District and Guangming New District are mainly infectious diseases and food poisoning. The main place of occurrence is factories and enterprises and schools. Health management of factories and enterprises and schools should be strengthened, prevention and control of infectious diseases and standardized management of food safety should be strengthened, vaccination should be carried out on susceptible people, prevention of spread of infectious diseases, sanitation facilities in public places should be improved, disinfection should be well done, Extensive health promotion and training.