单纯依靠观察和模仿,一个人很难掌握真正的技巧。哈佛商学院的克里斯多夫·G·梅尔斯给出了一个更好的方案:强制替代学习法。有些经验教训,我们可以通过观察习得。譬如小时候看到父母碰到热炉子后的反应,意识到厨房的危险性。而很多其他知识,不太可能通过单纯的观察获得。不管实习医生看了多少次外科手术,他都不知道怎么完成心脏搭桥。在商界,企业往往希望员工通过阅读知识管理数据库或从远处观察同事来快速学习到新的工作知识。“这就好比是复印机。”梅尔斯说,观摩别人做什么, Rely on observation and imitation alone, a person is difficult to master the real skills. Christopher G. Myers of Harvard Business School gives a better solution: Forced alternative learning. Some lessons, we can learn by observation. For example, when I was a kid, I saw the reaction of my parents when I came across the hot stove and realized that the kitchen was dangerous. And much of the other knowledge is unlikely to be obtained by mere observation. No matter how many times an intern saw a surgical procedure, he did not know how to accomplish a heart bypass. In business, businesses often want employees to quickly learn new job knowledge by reading knowledge management databases or by observing colleagues from afar. “This is like a copier. ” Myers said, watching what others do,