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结核性脑膜炎(tuberculosis meningitis,TBM)(以下简称结脑)是由结核杆菌感染导致的中枢神经系统结核病,是病情最严重的肺外结核病,是结核病死亡的主要原因之一。由于TBM早期的临床表现及脑脊液改变均不典型,常规实验室方法诊断结脑的敏感性低,容易误诊,以至延误治疗。因此,进一步研究特异、灵敏、实用的实验早期诊断结脑的方法,具有重要的临床意义。本文就近年来在TBM的实验室诊断方面所取得的进展进行简单综述。
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the central nervous system tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is the most serious extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. It is one of the major causes of tuberculosis death. Due to the early clinical manifestations of TBM and cerebrospinal fluid changes are not typical, routine laboratory methods to diagnose knot brain sensitivity is low, easily misdiagnosed, and even delayed treatment. Therefore, it is of important clinical significance to further study the specific, sensitive and practical methods of early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. This article provides a brief overview of the advances made in the laboratory diagnosis of TBM in recent years.