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目的了解公共卫生事件与媒体报道的现况,为卫生部门科学制定媒体沟通计划提供依据。方法查阅2004-2007年广州市疾病预防控制中心历史档案中的各类公共卫生事件调查报告,将相关信息填写到开发出的调查表上,利用“百度”搜索引擎,通过输入不同关键字查询3次,确定媒体报道情况,并将媒体报道相关信息填写到调查表上。结果2004-2007年,公共卫生报告事件呈逐年递减趋势,但媒体对公共卫生事件的报道呈明显上升趋势。20.1%的公共卫生事件被媒体报道。85.7%的报道与事实相符,14.3%的报道与事实不相符。媒体信息47.4%来自暴料人,由卫生部门提供的信息仅占7.1%。暴料人提供的信息经媒体报道后,11.1%与事实不相符。媒体报道的内容中均未向公众提供可寻求帮助的机构或咨询电话,仅8.9%的报道向公众提供了即时可用的应对方法,14.3%告知公众事件处置的难度。此外,25.0%的报道使用了专业术语。结论媒体报道公共卫生事件呈上升趋势,卫生部门应学习媒体相关知识,建立与媒体沟通的机制,提高应对媒体的能力,及时引导舆论,使媒体在公共卫生中发挥更好的传播作用。
Objective To understand the current status of public health incidents and media reports and provide the basis for the scientific development of the media communication plan by the Ministry of Health. Methods The investigation reports of all kinds of public health events in the historical records of Guangzhou CDC from 2004 to 2007 were consulted, and relevant information was filled in the questionnaires developed. Using “Baidu” search engine, by inputting different keywords Query 3 times to determine the media coverage, and media reports related information filled in the questionnaire. Results From 2004 to 2007, the incidence of public health reports showed a decreasing trend year by year, but the media reported a marked increase in public health incidents. 20.1% of public health incidents were reported by the media. 85.7% of the reports are consistent with the facts and 14.3% of the reports do not match the facts. 47.4% of the media information came from violence, and only 7.1% of the information provided by the health sector. 11.1% did not match the facts after the information provided by violators was reported by the media. None of the media coverage provided the public with helpless organizations or telephone inquiries. Only 8.9% of the articles provided the public with immediate and available responses, and 14.3% told the public about the difficulty of handling the incidents. In addition, 25.0% of reports use terminology. Conclusion The media reported an upward trend in public health emergencies. The health department should learn the relevant knowledge of the media, establish a mechanism of communication with the media, improve the ability of coping with the media, timely guide public opinion so that the media can play a better role in public health.