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近年来，中国和原苏联专家对额尔古纳河和黑龙江河段的冻土状况进行了调查和研究。论证了这些地区内多年冻土的分布和厚度，划分出５个冻土分区，并对修建水利枢纽后冻土条件的变化及其对工程地质条件和水工建筑物的影响进行了评价。分析说明，在规划的各水工建筑物范围内，以漠河坝址的冻土条件最严重，自黑河坝址以下实际上没有多年冻土。水工建筑物的修建和运行将引起冻土退化，但由于各坝址第四纪沉积层厚度不大，冻土的退化不会引起坝址地质条件的严重恶化。
In recent years, experts from China and the former Soviet Union investigated and studied the state of frozen soil in the Ergun River and the Heilongjiang reach. The distribution and thickness of permafrost in these areas were demonstrated, and five permafrost zones were identified. The changes in the permafrost conditions after the construction of a water conservancy project and its impact on engineering geological conditions and hydraulic structures were evaluated. The analysis shows that the frozen soil conditions at the Mohe dam site are the most serious within the planned hydraulic structures, and there are virtually no permafrost below the Heihe dam site. The construction and operation of hydraulic structures will cause the degradation of permafrost. However, due to the small thickness of the Quaternary sediments at each dam site, the degradation of permafrost will not cause serious deterioration of the dam’s geological conditions.