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本文认为在微小硬度测试中,要把宏观结合硬度、显微硬度和微观晶粒硬度加以区别。“几何相似定理”这一规律对宏观结合硬度、微观晶粒硬度是适用的。显微硬度是材料的硬度由宏观结合硬度随测试压痕减小转变为微观晶粒硬度的过渡硬度,它相对宏观结合硬度和微观晶粒硬度来讲已不能看作均一了,所以它不遵从“几何相似定理”。显微硬度也不遵从“迈尔指数函数规律”,严格讲没规律可从,示值分散、对比性差是材料显微硬度特性的客观表现。文章提出了临界负荷的概念,并从此概念出发对微小硬度计量、测试提出了商讨意见。
This paper argues that in the micro-hardness test, the macro-hardness, micro-hardness and microscopic grain hardness should be distinguished. The law of “geometric similarity theorem” is applicable to macroscopic combination of hardness and microscopic grain hardness. Microhardness is the hardness of the material from the macroscopic bonding hardness decreases with the test indentation transition to micro-hardness of the transitional hardness, it is relatively macroscopic hardness and micro-hardness in terms of the crystal can not be regarded as uniform, so it does not comply “Geometric similarity theorem.” Microhardness does not follow the “Meyer exponential function law,” strictly speaking, no law from, showing the value of scattered, poor contrast is the material microhardness characteristics of the objective performance. The article put forward the concept of critical load, and from the concept of micro hardness measurement and testing proposed discussion.