目的探讨风湿性二尖瓣钙化与细胞凋亡的关系。方法将手术切取的二尖瓣42枚,随机分为风湿钙化组(21枚)和非风心病组(21枚)。采用TUNEL法进行染色观察细胞凋亡在两组的发生情况。结果风湿钙化组细胞凋亡指数明显高于非风心病组(73.67%vs.28.14%)(P<0.01)。结论风湿性二尖瓣钙化与内皮细胞受损,触发凋亡级联反应,引起细胞凋亡,导致内皮完整性破坏密切相关。 Objective To investigate the relationship between rheumatic mitral calcification and apoptosis. Methods Forty-two mitral valves were divided into rheumatic calcification group (n = 21) and non-rheumatic heart disease group (n = 21). TUNEL staining was used to observe the occurrence of apoptosis in both groups. Results The apoptosis index of rheumatic calcification group was significantly higher than that of non-rheumatic heart disease group (73.67% vs.28.14%, P <0.01). Conclusions Rheumatic mitral calcification is associated with impaired endothelial cells, triggering cascade of apoptosis, causing apoptosis and leading to endothelial integrity destruction.