超声检测是铸铁零件内缺陷判定的重要手段,针对其检测效率较低,在大批量铸件质检中操作性较差等问题,提出一种以多特征匹配来快速测定铸件内缺陷的技术方案。分析了铸铁件典型缺陷(疏松、缩孔、夹渣)及其声波特性,研究了铸件缺陷的多特征匹配流程,并从缺陷检测和识别两个角度论证方案的可行性。总之,根据声波特性,利用多特征匹配能较好的判定缺陷,减少匹配误差,提高质检效率。 Ultrasonic testing is an important method to determine defects in cast iron parts. Aiming at the problems of low detection efficiency and poor operability in quality inspection of large quantities of castings, ultrasonic testing is proposed to quickly determine defects in castings by multi-feature matching. The typical defects (porosity, shrinkage, slag inclusions) and their acoustic properties of castings were analyzed. The multi-characteristic matching process of casting defects was studied. The feasibility of the scheme was demonstrated from two aspects of defect detection and identification. In short, according to the sonic characteristics, the use of multi-feature matching can better determine the defects, reduce the matching error and improve the quality of the inspection.