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为评估燕麦孢囊线虫Heterodera avenae发生对小麦产量损失的影响,采用室内盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法,测定了燕麦孢囊线虫不同初始接种密度下对山东省小麦主栽品种的为害损失。结果表明:盆栽条件下,燕麦孢囊线虫为害小麦,影响小麦农艺性状,每克土壤中初始接种卵量为5~30个时,小麦叶绿素含量、根干重、茎干重、有效分蘖数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗重与未接种线虫处理的小麦相比分别降低了10.89%~34.46%、30.65%~73.95%、13.93%~58.68%、30.48%~53.33%、3.97%~36.93%、-3.73%~1.28%、-0.72%~35.08%;而在田间肥水充足条件下,燕麦孢囊线虫对小麦的各项产量指标无显著影响;繁殖系数与线虫初始密度呈负相关。试验表明,燕麦孢囊线虫发生对小麦产量存在潜在威胁,在制定防治措施时,应充分考虑水肥条件,重视对中低产田的影响。
In order to evaluate the effect of Heterodera avenae on the yield loss of wheat, the effects of different initial inoculation density on the main wheat cultivars in Shandong Province were determined by the combination of pot experiment and field experiment. The results showed that under the condition of pot culture, the oat cyst nematode harmed wheat and affected the agronomic characters of wheat. The initial amount of inoculated oats per gram of soil was 5 to 30, and the chlorophyll content, root dry weight, stem dry weight, effective tiller number, The grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and panicle weight decreased by 10.89% -34.46%, 30.65% -73.95%, 13.93% -58.68%, 30.48% -53.33%, 3.97% -36.93% compared with those without nematode treatment, -3.73% -1.28%, -0.72% -35.08%, respectively. However, under the condition of enough fertilizer and fertilizer in the field, the oocyst nematode had no significant effect on the yield of wheat. The coefficient of reproduction was negatively correlated with the initial density of nematode. Experiments show that the occurrence of Oat cyst nematode poses a potential threat to the yield of wheat. In the development of control measures, the conditions of water and fertilizer should be fully considered and the impacts on low and medium-yielding fields should be emphasized.