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综合考虑了用户出行规律、电动汽车分布和路网结构等影响因素,建立了充电站规划的最小成本优化模型。根据路网结构内的车流量,采用蒙特卡罗法计算规划区内电动汽车的总充电功率需求。根据电动汽车的分布特性,引入重心法改善初始站址,使站址更靠近充电需求重心,并通过调节加权Voronoi图的权重,提高服务范围划分的合理性。利用排队论原理以最大到站排队等候时间确定充电站容量,使充电机台数配置与电动汽车数量更匹配。实际算例分析验证了规划方法的可行性和合理性,并评析了4种充电模式下大规模电动汽车充电对原始负荷曲线的影响。结果表明,低谷充电模式对原始负荷曲线的影响最小,并能有效降低电网峰谷差。
Considering the influencing factors such as the travel rules of users, the distribution of electric vehicles and the road network structure, the minimum cost optimization model of charging station planning is established. According to the traffic volume in the road network structure, the total charging power demand of electric vehicles in the planning area is calculated by Monte Carlo method. According to the distribution characteristics of electric vehicles, the introduction of the center of gravity method to improve the initial site, the site closer to the charging needs of the center of gravity, and by adjusting the weight of the weighted Voronoi diagram to improve the rationality of the service area. The use of queuing theory to the maximum queue waiting time to determine the charging station capacity, the number of charger configuration and the number of electric vehicles to match. The actual example analysis verifies the feasibility and rationality of the planning method and analyzes the impact of large-scale electric vehicle charging on the original load curve under the four charging modes. The results show that the trough charging mode has the least influence on the original load curve and can effectively reduce the grid peak-valley difference.