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在遥感和地理信息系统技术支持下,以1986年、1995年、2000年和2006年的TM影像为数据源,对三江平原别拉洪河不同尺度河岸带的土地利用格局进行分析,探讨人类活动对别拉洪河河岸带土地利用格局的影响。研究结果表明,在别拉洪河河岸带,耕地主要分布在距河道2 km以外的河岸带;沼泽主要分布在距河道1km以内的河岸带;林地集中分布在距河道1~8 km的河岸带。1986~2006年期间,在距河道1 km的河岸带内,沼泽基本保持天然状态;在距河道1~8 km河岸带内,人类活动对河岸带干扰较大;2000~2006年期间,别拉洪河河岸带内耕地面积的增加是以开垦沼泽、草地和砍伐森林为代价。近年来,别拉洪河河岸带内的耕地面积迅速增加,且向着河道方向不断拓展,严重危害了河岸带的湿地生态系统。因此,亟需加大对距别拉洪河河道1~2 km河岸带内沼泽的保护力度。
Based on the TM images of 1986, 1995, 2000 and 2006, with the support of remote sensing and GIS technology, the land use patterns at different scales of riparian zone in the Belajang River in the Sanjiang Plain were analyzed to explore the human activities Impacts on Land Use Pattern in Belajang River Bank. The results show that in the Belajang River riparian zone, the arable land mainly distributes in the riparian zone 2 km away from the river channel; the swamp mainly distributes in the riparian zone within 1 km from the river channel; the woodland distributes intensively in the riparian zone 1 ~ 8 km away from the river channel . During the period from 1986 to 2006, the swamp maintained a natural state in the riparian zone 1 km away from the river; human activities had a great disturbance on the riparian zone within the riparian zone 1 ~ 8 km away from the river; in the period from 2000 to 2006, The increase in arable land within the Honghe River riparian zone is at the expense of reclaiming swamps, grasslands and deforestation. In recent years, the area of cultivated land in the Belajang River riparian zone has rapidly increased and has been expanding toward the river, seriously damaging the riparian wetland ecosystem. Therefore, it is urgent to intensify the protection of the inland swamp within 1 ~ 2 km from the Belajang River.