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目的探讨海拔对不同生活环境藏、汉族血压、血糖、血尿酸和血脂水平的影响,为不同海拔地区高血压、高血糖、高尿酸血症和高脂血症的预防提供研究资料。方法275例被调查者为世居或长期生活在海拔3 500 m及2 400 m的牧区藏族、城镇藏族、城镇汉族人群,测定被调查者收缩压、舒张压、血糖、血尿酸、血脂,对检测结果进行比较。结果3 500 m海拔中,城镇汉族收缩压高于城镇藏族收缩压,(121.83±18.22)mmHg vs(111.92±12.97)mmHg(P<0.05),牧区藏族血糖高于城镇藏族血糖,(6.07±2.29)mmol/L vs(4.58±1.13)mmol/L(P<0.01),城镇汉族甘油三酯(TG)高于牧区藏族TG,(1.52±0.94)mmol/L vs(1.07±0.64)mmol/L(P<0.05),牧区藏族低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)高于城镇汉族LDL-C,(2.58±0.75)mmol/L vs(2.13±0.94)mmol/L(P<0.05),但牧区藏族、城镇藏族、城镇汉族之间舒张压、血尿酸、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2 400 m海拔中,牧区藏族舒张压高于城镇藏族舒张压,(86.14±9.84)mmHg vs(80.17±10.98)mmHg(P<0.05),城镇藏族HDL-C高于城镇汉族HDL-C,(1.73±0.45)mmol/L vs(1.49±0.27)mmol/L(P<0.05),但牧区藏族、城镇藏族、城镇汉族之间收缩压、血糖、血尿酸、TG、TC、LDL-C差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3 500 m海拔中牧区藏族血糖及LDL-C高于2 400 m海拔中牧区藏族血糖及LDL-C(P<0.05或<0.01),而收缩压、舒张压、TG、HDL-C却低于2 400 m海拔中牧区藏族收缩压、舒张压、TG、HDL-C(P<0.05或<0.01)。3 500 m海拔中城镇藏族舒张压、TG、HDL-C低于2 400 m海拔中城镇藏族舒张压、TG、HDL-C(P<0.05或<0.01)。两个海拔中城镇汉族之间各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论海拔对牧区藏族及城镇藏族血压、血糖、血脂水平存在不同程度影响。
Objective To investigate the effects of altitude on blood pressure, blood glucose, blood uric acid and blood lipid levels in Tibetans and Han nationality in different living environments and to provide the research materials for the prevention of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia in different altitudes. Methods A total of 275 respondents were investigated for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, blood uric acid, and blood lipids in the Tibetan and urban towns of Tibetans, towns and villages in the pastoral areas of 3 500 m and 2 400 m above sea level living or living permanently. The test results are compared. Results Compared with urban Tibetan blood pressure, the systolic blood pressure of Han nationality in urban areas was higher than that of urban Tibetan people at 3 500 m altitude (121.83 ± 18.22 mmHg vs 111.92 ± 12.97 mmHg, P <0.05) (1.52 ± 0.94) mmol / L vs (1.07 ± 0.64) mmol / L, respectively (P <0.01), TG (4.52 ± 0.94) mmol / L vs (P <0.05). The level of LDL-C in Tibetan pastoral area was higher than that in town Han nationality (2.58 ± 0.75 mmol / L vs 2.13 ± 0.94 mmol / L LDL-C, P < There were no significant differences in diastolic blood pressure, blood uric acid, total cholesterol (TC), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) between Tibetan, urban Tibetan and urban Han Chinese in the pastoral areas (P> 0.05). The mean diastolic blood pressure of Tibetans in pastoral areas was higher than that of urban Tibetan dialects at 2,400 m altitude (86.14 ± 9.84) mmHg vs (80.17 ± 10.98) mmHg (P <0.05) (1.73 ± 0.45) mmol / L vs (1.49 ± 0.27) mmol / L (P <0.05). However, the differences of systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, serum uric acid, TG, TC and LDL-C between Tibetan, Statistical significance (P> 0.05). Blood glucose and LDL-C of Tibetans in the pasturing area at 3 500 m elevation were higher than those of Tibetan sheep in the pasture area at 2,400 m elevation (P <0.05 or <0.01), while systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG and HDL-C were lower than Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL-C (P <0.05 or <0.01) of Tibetans in pasturing area at 2,400 m altitude. The Tibetan diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL-C at 3 500 m altitude were lower than the diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL-C at 2,400 m altitude (P <0.05 or <0.01). There was no significant difference between the Han and Han nationalities in the two altitudes (P> 0.05). Conclusion Altitude has different effects on blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid levels in Tibetans and Tibetans in pastoral areas.