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【目的】探究高孔隙度的稻壳炭是否可以增强对黄棕壤养分元素的吸附,从而减少农田氮磷淋失,提高土壤肥力。【方法】采用室内土柱淋溶试验,研究不同稻壳炭施用量(质量占比分别为0、1%、4%、8%、12%)条件下,对黄棕壤总氮(TN)、硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)、总磷(TP)、磷酸根(PO43-)及可溶性有机碳(DOC)淋失变化,以及黄棕壤氮磷养分和土壤微生物生物量的影响进行分析。【结果】随着施用量的增加,稻壳炭对黄棕壤TN、NO3--N、NH4+-N、DOC淋失的抑制效应增强:最佳施用量为12%,土壤TN、NO3--N、NH4+-N及DOC淋失量与对照相比分别减少了85.41%、86.81%、91.46%、32.00%;对黄棕壤中P淋失的抑制效应不显著,随其施用量的增加,土壤TP和PO43-的淋失量反而增加;黄棕壤中TN、NO3--N、有效磷(AP)及土壤微生物生物量碳(氮)含量增高,而NH4+-N含量减少。【结论】稻壳炭可以有效抑制黄棕壤氮素及DOC的淋失,而对磷素的淋失抑制不显著。
【Objective】 To investigate whether high porosity rice husk charcoal can enhance the adsorption of nutrients to yellow brown soil so as to reduce the leaching of N and P in farmland and increase soil fertility. 【Method】 The indoor soil column leaching test was used to study the effects of different rice hull charcoal (0, 1%, 4%, 8%, 12%) on total nitrogen (TN) , Nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 + -N), total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO43-) and soluble organic carbon (DOC) leaching, And the impact of soil microbial biomass. 【Result】 The results showed that the inhibitory effect of rice husk charcoal on the leaching of TN, NO3 - N, NH4 + -N and DOC from yellow brown soil increased with the increase of the application rate: the best application rate was 12%, TN, The leaching amount of N, NH4 + -N and DOC were reduced by 85.41%, 86.81%, 91.46% and 32.00% respectively compared with the control; the inhibitory effect on P leaching in yellow brown soil was not significant. With the increase of its application amount, The leaching amount of soil TP and PO43- increased but the contents of TN, NO3 - N, AP and soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in yellow brown soil increased while the NH4 + -N content decreased. 【Conclusion】 Rice husk charcoal can effectively inhibit the leaching of nitrogen and DOC from yellow-brown soil, while the inhibition of phosphorus leaching is not significant.