这是一篇知识性介绍的文章.根据公开发表的一些文献资料,综合介绍了超微粒子的概念和各种粒子粒径范围的划分;介绍了超微粒子的基本性质,包括表面效应和体积效应、久保效应以及物理性质和化学性质;并对超微粒子在各个领域的应用作了较为详细的介绍.文章对人们认识和了解超微粒子科学和技术这一新兴学科有一定的参考作用. This article is an introductory article introducing the concept of ultrafine particles and the classification of various particle size ranges based on published literature. The basic properties of ultrafine particles are introduced, including the surface effect and volume effect, Kubo effect, as well as physical and chemical properties, and the application of ultrafine particles in various fields are introduced in detail.The article is of some reference to the understanding and understanding of the emerging discipline of ultrafine particle science and technology.