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目的对一起经实验室确诊的、以成人为主的风疹疫情进行流行病学调查,探讨风疹疫情发生原因。方法对2006年1～6月发生在山东省邹平县某企业的一起成人风疹疫情,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测风疹IgM抗体以明确诊断,并开展流行病学调查。结果该起疫情共报告风疹318例,该县罹患率44.15/10万;病例主要集中在该企业园区内,发病217例,园区罹患率为310.06/10万;发病年龄主要集中在16～28岁,占74.53%(237/318),6～15岁占25.47%(81/318);男、女性别比为1.43∶1(187∶131)。采集145例血清标本,检测风疹和麻疹抗体,风疹IgM阳性82例,阳性率56.55%,麻疹IgM均阴性。结论该起风疹疫情具有典型的成人流行病学特征,外来流动人口中易感人群聚集和其他内外环境等流行因素的协同作用,是该起风疹疫情的主要原因。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of rubella in a laboratory based on an adult-based rubella epidemic. Methods An adult rubella epidemic occurred in an enterprise in Zouping County, Shandong Province from January to June, 2006. IgM antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to confirm the diagnosis and carry out epidemiological investigation. Results A total of 318 cases of rubella were reported in this outbreak, with a prevalence rate of 44.15 / 100 000 in the county. The cases were mainly concentrated in the enterprise park with 217 cases and the disease rate in the park was 310.06 / 100,000. The age of onset mainly concentrated in 16-28 years old , Accounting for 74.53% (237/318), accounting for 25.47% (81/318) of 6-15 years old. The ratio of male to female was 1.43:1 (187:131). A total of 145 serum samples were collected for detection of rubella and measles antibody. Rubella IgM was positive in 82 cases, with a positive rate of 56.55%. Measles IgM was negative. Conclusions The epidemic situation of rubella is characterized by typical adult epidemiological characteristics, the synergistic effect of epidemic factors such as the aggregation of susceptible population in migrant population and other internal and external environments, which is the main reason for the outbreak of rubella.