近年,喹诺酮类药物发展迅速应用日趋广泛,已成为临床上一类重要的合成抗菌药物。其主要作用有抗菌谱广,抗菌活性强,组织分布广,渗透性强,不良反应少等特点。第一、二代喹诺酮类药物主要对革兰氏阴性菌有作用,而对革兰氏阳性菌几乎无活性。第二代喹诺酮类药物,对绿脓杆菌、大肠杆菌等有作用,吡哌酸是主要应用品种。第三代喹诺酮类药物抗菌谱进一步扩大,对葡萄球菌等革兰氏阳性菌也有抗菌作用,对一些革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌作用则进一步加强。诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星和环丙沙星在临床上应用较广泛,均对肠杆菌科具有强大抗菌作用。其中,氧氟沙星抗菌活性强于氟哌酸,尚对一些特殊病原体有良好的活性,如沙眼衣原体、多种支原体、结核杆菌等。环丙沙星对绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、肺炎双球菌、链球菌 In recent years, the rapid development of quinolones is widely used and has become a clinically important class of synthetic antibacterials. Its main role has broad antibacterial spectrum, antibacterial activity, wide distribution of tissues, strong permeability, fewer adverse reactions and so on. The first and second generation quinolones mainly exert their effect on Gram-negative bacteria, but hardly on Gram-positive bacteria. The second generation of quinolones, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and other effects, pipemidic acid is the main application varieties. The third generation of quinolone antibacterial spectrum to further expand on Staphylococcus aureus and other Gram-positive bacteria also have antibacterial effect on the antibacterial effect of some Gram-negative bacteria are further strengthened. Norfloxacin, ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in the clinical application of a wider range of Enterobacteriaceae have a strong antibacterial effect. Among them, ofloxacin antibacterial activity stronger than norfloxacin, but also for some special pathogens have good activity, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, a variety of Mycoplasma, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ciprofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus