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目的了解揭阳部分地区0-1岁婴儿出生缺陷的发病情况,确定预防的重点人群,为出生缺陷的预防和孕前、孕期保健提供依据。方法采用普查的方式,对揭东县、普宁市、榕城区三地2011年3月3日-2012年5月2日出生的婴儿进行调查。出生缺陷以临床诊断为依据,病种及统计标准参照国际出生缺陷监测情报交换所的规定。结果共监测10 773名婴儿,发现出生缺陷238例;婴儿出生缺陷排名前5位的疾病分别是先天性心脏病、马蹄内翻足、多指(趾)、唇(腭)裂和胎儿水肿综合征;男婴、低体重出生婴儿、孕母未服用叶酸、维生素、微量元素的婴儿以及家庭成员有吸烟、酗酒的婴儿,出生缺陷发生率相对较高(P<0.05)。结论揭阳市部分地区0-1岁婴儿出生缺陷发生率为220.92/万,略高于全国平均水平,需要引起各方重视。加强宣传教育,做好出生缺陷的孕、产前筛查与预防工作迫在眉睫。
Objective To understand the incidence of birth defects in 0-1-year-old infants in some areas of Jieyang and to identify the key population for prevention, to provide basis for the prevention of birth defects and pre-pregnancy and pre-pregnancy health care. Methods By means of census, babies born in Jiedong, Puning and Rongcheng districts from March 3, 2011 to May 2, 2012 were investigated. Birth defects are based on clinical diagnosis, disease types and statistical criteria with reference to the International Bureau of Birth Defects Monitoring Information Exchange. Results A total of 10 773 infants were monitored and 238 birth defects were detected. The top 5 birth defects in infants were congenital heart disease, clubfoot, multiple finger, labial and fetal edema Infants with low birth weight, babies born with low birth weight, pregnant women without folic acid, vitamins and trace elements, and infants with smoking and alcohol abuse in family members had a relatively higher incidence of birth defects (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of birth defects in 0-1 year-olds in some areas of Jieyang City was 220.92 / million, slightly higher than the national average level, which needs attention of all parties. To strengthen publicity and education, to make birth defects in pregnancy, prenatal screening and prevention is imminent.