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目的:评估乙肝父婴传播及母婴传播情况及阻断效果。方法:以男方HBsAg阳性所生的7-24月龄的婴幼儿为父亲HBsAg阳性组,子女出生后均接种乙肝疫苗;女方HBsAg阳性所生的7-24月龄的婴幼儿为母亲HBsAg阳性组,子女出生后均在24h内注射乙肝免疫球蛋白并接种乙肝疫苗。分别检测父亲或母亲以及婴幼儿血清的乙肝标志物和HBV-DNA。结果:随访HBsAg阳性父亲及其小孩共117对,没有发现婴幼儿HBsAg阳性者,93名婴幼儿抗-HBs阳性,阳性率为79.5%(93/117);HBsAg阳性母亲及其婴幼儿共491对,14名婴幼儿HB-sAg阳性,母婴传播率2.9%(14/491),398名婴幼儿出现抗-HBs,阳性率为81.1%(398/491)。父亲或母亲HB-sAg阳性组之婴幼儿抗-HBs阳性率差异无显著性(χ2=0.769,P>0.05)。结论:本研究未发现乙型肝炎病毒父婴垂直传播;对新生儿采取主被动免疫方案后,HBV母婴传播率约为2.9%;经免疫后约20%子女抗-HBs阴性。
PURPOSE: To assess the status of transmission and maternal-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B, and its blocking effect. Methods: HBsAg-positive infants aged 7-24 months were enrolled as HBsAg-positive mothers and their children were vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine after birth. The 7-24 months-old infants born to women with HBsAg-positive mothers were HBsAg-positive mothers , Children were born within 24 hours after injection of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B markers and HBV-DNA were detected in the serums of father or mother, infants and toddlers, respectively. Results: A total of 117 pairs of HBsAg-positive mothers and their children were followed up. No positive HBsAg was found in infants and young children, 93 infants were positive for anti-HBs, the positive rate was 79.5% (93/117). HBsAg positive mothers and infants The positive rate of HBsAg was 14% (14/491) in 14 infants and 398 infants were positive in anti-HBs. The positive rate was 81.1% (398/491). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of anti-HBs between infants and toddlers in the HB-sAg positive group (χ2 = 0.769, P> 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we did not find the vertical transmission of Hepatitis B virus in infants and young children. The mother-to-child immunization program of newborns was about 2.9%. The anti-HBs were negative in about 20% of the children after immunization.