论文部分内容阅读
目的通过分析2014-2016年海南省琼中县中小学生的营养不良变化情况,评估海南省“学生营养改善计划”的实施效果。方法在食堂供餐学校和企业供餐学校两种供餐模式的学校中分别随机抽取3所小学和3所初中,每所学校每个年级随机抽取1-2个班的学生作为调查对象,所有调查对象测量身高、体重,依据年龄别身高和年龄别体质指数(BMI)评价其营养状况。结果 2014、2015和2016年调查对象人数分别为1 978名、1 818名和2 730名,营养不良率分别为30.3%、27.0%和26.0%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。食堂供餐模式学生3年间营养不良率有所下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),企业供餐学生营养不良率下降不明显(P>0.05)。结论琼中县实施“学生营养改善计划”后,中小学生营养不良情况有一定改善,但整体营养不良率仍较高,企业供餐学生的营养不良率没有明显下降。
Objective To assess the effect of Hainan Province’s “Student Nutrition Improvement Program” by analyzing the changes of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong County, Hainan Province during 2014-2016. Methods Three primary schools and three junior high schools were selected randomly from schools with canteens and catering schools, and 1-2 students randomly selected for each grade in each school were selected as the survey subjects. All Subjects measured height and weight, according to age-specific height and age-specific body mass index (BMI) to assess their nutritional status. Results The number of respondents in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were 1,978, 1,818 and 2,730, respectively. The rates of malnutrition were 30.3%, 27.0% and 26.0% respectively, showing a declining trend year by year with significant difference (P < 0.05). The malnutrition rate of students in canteens mode decreased in 3 years, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the rate of malnutrition decreased not significantly (P> 0.05). Conclusion After the implementation of “Nutritional Improvement Plan for Students” in Qiongzhong County, the malnutrition of primary and secondary school students improved somewhat, but the overall rate of malnutrition was still high. The rate of malnutrition in enterprises catering for students did not decrease obviously.