集成光路的研究是在十年前由贝尔实验室的 S.E.Miller 提出如下概念后才开始的,即集成光路的最初研制设想完全和成为现代电子工业中心的硅材料集成电路所走过的道路相同,它是以半导体和光学晶体为原料将光回路集成起来的。在这十年间,业已提出了种种集成光路用的单功能器件,不过都仅仅处于实验阶段,还没有一个能达到实用阶段的。目前,由于低损耗光纤的发明和作为光源的半导体激光的进展,使得使用它们的光通讯已进入实用阶段,各方面也正在进行着现场试验。光通信系统由于使用了光纤 The research of integrated optical path started from the concept of SEMiller proposed by Bell Labs 10 years ago that the original concept of integrated optical path was completely the same as that of the silicon material integrated circuit which became the center of modern electronic industry. It is based on semiconductor and optical crystal as the raw material will integrate the optical circuit. During these ten years, a variety of single-function devices for integrated optical paths have been proposed, but they are only in the experimental stage and none of them can reach the practical stage. At present, due to the invention of low-loss optical fibers and the progress of semiconductor lasers as light sources, the optical communication using them has entered a practical stage and field tests are underway in various fields. Optical communication system due to the use of optical fiber