目的了解山区水库季节性灌溉对感染性钉螺产生的潜在影响。方法在安徽钓鱼台水库灌区,选择一段干渠和相临的一段支渠为螺情观察点,每月系统抽样查螺,室内观察钉螺含血吸虫情况;收集气象、水文资料;结合已有的基础理论研究,推算感染性钉螺被毛蚴攻击感染的季节,分析感染性钉螺与季节性灌溉的关系。结果春季发现的感染性钉螺可能系上年8月16日￣9月2日被血吸虫毛蚴攻击感染;8月份以后发现的感染性钉螺系分期成批形成,攻击感染时段主要集中在当年7月4日￣11日,以及8月26日￣9月中上旬。水库短续放水灌溉的时期与钉螺被毛蚴攻击时段一致,放水高峰期(7、8月份)与主要攻击感染时段(分布频次)相重叠,水库放水末期出现又一攻击感染高峰。在钉螺被毛蚴攻击感染时段降雨量也相对集中。结论在人工灌区,季节性灌溉肯定促进灌溉渠中感染性钉螺的产生,但不能完全排除降雨的影响。 Objective To understand the potential impact of seasonal irrigation in mountainous reservoirs on the infection of snails. Methods In the Diaoyutai reservoir irrigation area in Anhui Province, a section of main canal and the adjacent branch canal were chosen as the snail observation point. The monthly snail sampling was conducted and the snail was observed indoor. The meteorological and hydrological data were collected. Based on the existing basic theoretical research, Infected snails were infected with infection of the season infected with miracidia, the analysis of the relationship between infectious snails and seasonal irrigation. Results Infectious snails found in spring may have been infected with Schistosome larvae on August 16 and September 2 of the previous year. Infectious snails found in batches were formed in batches after August. The attack and infection periods were mainly concentrated in July 4 Day ~ 11, and August 26 ~ September mid-early. The duration of short-term irrigation with the reservoir was consistent with that of Oncomelania snails infected with the miracidia, and the peak period of discharge (July and August) overlaps with the period of the main challenge infection (frequency of distribution), and another peak of attack infection occurred at the end of the reservoir discharge. The snail is infected by miracidosis during the rainfall is also relatively concentrated. Conclusion In artificial irrigation districts, seasonal irrigation will certainly promote the generation of infectious snails in irrigation canals, but the effects of rainfall can not be completely ruled out.