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使用河海大学最新研制成功的真三轴仪,对粗粒土进行不同主应力方向上的单向加荷试验。结果表明,在σ1、σ2、σ3方向上单向加荷时,加荷向变形都为压缩,而侧向变形较为复杂。当在σ1或者σ2方向上单向加荷时,σ3方向上都是发生膨胀,而另一个侧向(即σ2或σ1方向上)没有明显变形;当在σ3方向上单向加荷时,两个侧向(即σ1、σ2方向上)都几乎没有变形。分析认为:剪切作用增强即应力状态接近破坏面,会发生侧向膨胀;反之,剪切作用减弱,则无侧向膨胀产生或侧向膨胀较小。对σ3方向单向加荷的情况研究表明,该应力路径下,p、q、b这3个量的变化都是使试样的应力状态远离破坏面,剪切作用减弱,因此侧向膨胀很小或没有。所试验的粗粒土在一般应力条件下各向异性性质显著。
Using the latest triaxial apparatus developed by Hohai University, the uniaxial loading test of coarse grained soil under different principal stress directions is carried out. The results show that in the direction of σ1, σ2, σ3 unidirectional loading, the load to the deformation are compressed, while the lateral deformation is more complicated. When uniaxially loaded in sigma 1 or sigma 2 directions, expansion occurs in both sigma-3 directions and no significant deformation occurs in the other lateral direction (ie, in sigma 2 or sigma 1 directions); when uniaxially-loaded in sigma-3 directions, both There is almost no deformation in one lateral direction (that is, in the directions of σ1 and σ2). The analysis shows that: the shearing effect is enhanced, ie, the stress state is close to the destruction surface, lateral expansion occurs; on the contrary, the shearing effect is weakened, no lateral expansion or lateral expansion is smaller. The study on unidirectional loading in σ3 direction shows that under the stress path, the change of the three quantities of p, q, and b are caused by the stress state of the specimen away from the failure surface and the shearing action weakened, so the lateral expansion is very Small or not. The tested coarse grained soil has remarkable anisotropy under normal stress conditions.