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货运盈利、客运亏损是多年北美铁路的经营状况,日本则不全是如此,陷于赤字捆扰的日本国铁正是货运亏损占了赤字最大的份额。这种局面的重要原因是,日本铁路主要运输的货物是散件商品,列车编挂短少;公路、水运对铁路高度地激烈竞争以及国内煤、木材等初级商品资源的枯竭又使日本国铁已有二十年丧失稳定货源。日本市场的长期繁荣,使日本国铁以往完成货运吨英里实绩也有不断的增长,但1970年以来,货运吨英里实绩开始下降,这
Freight profitability, passenger loss is the operating condition of North American railway for many years, but not all in Japan. The Japanese national railway caught in the deficit is the largest share of freight deficit. An important reason for this situation is that the main goods transported by the Japanese railways are parts and components, and the number of trains is short. The highly fierce competition of highways and waterways to the railway and the depletion of domestic commodity raw materials such as coal and timber make Japan’s railways Two decades of losing stable supply. The long-term prosperity of the Japanese market has also led to a continuous increase in the performance of Japan’s railways in the past in terms of tonne-mile of freight-finished goods. However, the performance of ton-miles of freight began to drop since 1970,