要论清初山水画坛,首先应从“四王”说起,所谓“四王”,乃清初的王时敏、王鉴、王石谷、王原祁的合称。一般而言,在清代,“四王”的山水画一直被奉为“正宗”、“正统”,以致朝野仿效,从者如云。直到清末,海派大家吴昌硕尤称:“我原学者宗四王,譬如饮者如同对醇酒”(《缶庐集》)。可见清初“四王”的影响力之大、之深远。虽仅四人,却代表着清朝的画坛主流。 To talk about landscape painting in the early Qing Dynasty, we should start with the “Four Kings” and the so-called “Four Kings” is the combination of Wang Shimin, Wang Jian, Wang Shigu and Wang Yuanqi in the early Qing Dynasty. In general, in the Qing Dynasty, the landscape paintings of the “Four Kings” were always regarded as “authentic” and “orthodox”, so that both the government and the government followed the example of the cloud. Until the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Changshou sent everyone especially saying: “My original scholar Zong Siwang, such as drinkers like wine” (“Tan House set”). Can be seen in the early Qing “Four Kings” influence, far-reaching. Although only four people, it represents the mainstream of the art scene in the Qing Dynasty.