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在清康熙年间的鲁中山区,作为国家代表的地方官以“六谕”“上谕十六条”为依据积极推行乡约。与此同时,士绅阶层在其家乡的建设活动更为频繁,而且有将礼仪在乡间闾里进行推广的趋势。士绅阶层一方面受礼仪的教化,了解官方的话语;另一方面,除去士大夫的身份,他们又是土生土长的本地人,熟知本乡的风土人情。因此,他们对礼俗的讨论,并非只停留在国家礼仪制度层面,而是多从本地乡里的实际风俗出发。国家和地方士绅在基层社会的礼俗教化,存在着权利的分享和边界。二者有所重叠,但彼此又存在着微妙的距离。
During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Shandong Province in the middle of the Lushan Mountain, local officials as state representatives actively promoted the rural covenant based on “Six Encyclicals ” “Encyclical 16 ”. At the same time, the gentry’s construction activities were more frequent in their hometowns, and there was a tendency to promote etiquette in the villages. On the one hand, the gentry class is educated by etiquette and understands the official discourse; on the other hand, besides being a scholar, they are native people who are familiar with the local customs and practices of their hometown. Therefore, their discussion of etiquette does not stop at the national etiquette system, but rather starts with the actual customs in the local township. The etiquette of the gentry at the local level by state and local gentry has shared the rights and boundaries. The two overlap, but there is a delicate distance between each other.