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本文认为闲暇不仅仅对生产具有替代作用,在现代社会,还需要注意到闲暇对生产的互补效应。具体表现为闲暇对人力资本积累、物质资本积累和技术效率提升分别具有“闲而优效应”、“等势效应”和“闲中学效应”。利用OECD经济体30年间的面板数据进行随机前沿分析,结果表明:闲暇效应对经济产出和技术效率具有显著的影响,如果忽略该效应,人力资本和技术效率都会被低估;经济体中闲暇效应的发挥程度部分体现了经济体在产出方面的效率程度。本文建议,为了赶超OECD这样的发达经济体,需要关注到闲暇对效率提升和技术进步的积极作用;未来,需要进一步发挥个体和经济体的闲暇效应,推进经济增长方式从技术推动型向效率推动型的转变。
This paper argues that leisure not only has an alternative effect on production, but also needs to pay attention to the complementary effect of leisure on production in modern society. The concrete manifestation is that leisure has the functions of “leisure and excellent effect”, “equal potential effect” and “free secondary school effect” on the accumulation of human capital, accumulation of material capital and promotion of technological efficiency respectively. Using the 30-year panel data of OECD economies to conduct stochastic frontier analysis, the results show that: leisure effects have a significant impact on economic output and technical efficiency, and ignoring this effect, human capital and technical efficiency will be underestimated; and leisure economies in economies The extent of its exertion reflects, in part, the efficiency of the economy in terms of output. This paper suggests that in order to catch up with developed economies such as the OECD, attention should be given to the positive effect of leisure on efficiency improvement and technological progress. In the future, it is necessary to give more play to the leisure effects of individuals and economies and to promote the economic growth mode from technology-based promotion to efficiency Promote the type of change.