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论述了2016年11月在海南省三亚海洋环境试验站表面海水中的附着在不同材料表面细菌群落的组成演变.通过1个月4种材料多个周期(2 d、5 d、15 d、25 d)的实验结果可知,该试验站表层海水中附着细菌主要为3门、4纲、9属,优势菌种为假单胞菌、交替单胞菌和假交替单胞菌.细菌种类随浸海时间增长而减少,细菌数量随时间增长而增长.不同材料表面的优势菌株不同,304不锈钢表面的主要优势菌为假单胞菌和假交替单胞菌,而镀锌Q2358和钛合金的优势菌分别为交替单胞菌和假交替单胞菌.镀锌Q2358表面的细菌多样性比其他3种材料表面的细菌多样性低;从菌落数量来看前3个周期镀锌Q2358和钛合金附着菌落数量较少,第4周期304不锈钢附着菌落数量最少,镀锌Q2358次之.说明材料的表面性质对细菌群落的组成和数量有一定影响,同时毒性锌离子的存在会导致材料表面污损细菌群落的多样性降低.为筛选和设计防污及防腐涂料提供了重要的基础依据.“,”The purpose of this research is to investigate the variation of bacterial communities on different materials in tropical surface seawater of Sanya in November 2016. According to the immersion test results for four types of material coupons of 4 cycles (2 d, 5 d, 15 d and 25 d) in a month, 9 fouling bacterial genera belonging to 4 classes and 3 phyla have been identified. Genera belonging to Pseudomonas, Alteromonas and Pseudoalteromonas were dominant. The diversity of bacterial communities decreased on the surface of all materials during the experimental period, and the number of bacterial communities increased conversely. The dominant species on the surface of stainless steel 304 were Pseudomonas and Pseudoalteromonas; however, those on the hot-dip zinc Q2358 surface and the Ti alloy surface were Alteromonas and Pseudoalteromonas respectively. The diversity of fouling bacterial communities on the hot-dip zinc Q2358 surface was lower than that of the other three materials. The numbers of the bacterial communities on the hot-dip zinc Q2358 surface and the Ti alloy surface were less in the first three cycles, and the bacterial colonies on the stainless steel 304 were the least in the fourth cycle, followed by hot-dip zinc Q2358. All in all, the surface properties of the material have a certain effect on the diversity and quantity of the bacterial communities, and the presence of toxic zinc ions can lead to the decrease of the bacterial communities on the surface of the material. This paper provides an important basis for selecting and designing antifouling and anticorrosive coatings.