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作者运用原子发射光谱、扫描电子显微镜、偏光显微镜和金相显微镜,对故宫博物院藏清代珐琅残片进行了实验分析。研究中.对构成珐琅的硅酸盐材料、铜材料、焊接材料以及镀金层的元素组成进行了测试;对珐琅残片断面的焊接层和镀金层的微观形貌、焊接层的金相组织进行了观察和鉴别。在此基础上,运用结晶学、矿物学、金属学和金相学的基础理论对珐琅原料种类、各种原料的作用、珐琅料的熔制与烧蓝、铜材料与焊接材料的合金属性、焊层的金相组织、掐丝珐琅的烧制工艺等问题加以探讨,试图藉现代科技手段揭示清代珐琅所包含的科学技术内涵。
Using atomic emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, polarized light microscopy and metallographic microscope, the authors conducted an experimental analysis of the Qing Dynasty enamel fragments in the Palace Museum. In the study, the elemental composition of silicate materials, copper materials, welding materials and gold-plated layers forming enamel were tested. The microstructure of welded layer and gold-plated layer and the microstructure of welded layer of enamel fragments were studied Observation and identification. On this basis, the basic theory of crystallography, mineralogy, metallography and metallography is used to analyze the enamel material types, the role of various raw materials, the melting and burning blue of enamel material, the alloy properties of copper materials and welding materials, Metallurgy, filigree enamel firing process and other issues to be explored in an attempt to reveal the scientific and technological connotation of the Qing Dynasty enamel by means of modern science and technology.