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居民家庭生活能源消耗可以分为直接和间接能耗,随经济水平提高两者均呈现不断增加趋势,其中间接能耗远高于直接能耗。影响城镇居民能源消费最重要的是居民可支配收入。实证结果表明,城镇居民间接能耗的收入弹性是一般消费收入弹性的三倍,说明收入提高使消费者选择了更多高能耗产品,主要集中在交通通信、医疗保健、居住类开支。我国应该在提倡可持续消费、开发和推广节能技术以及产业结构调整方面努力争取降低家庭间接能耗。
Household energy consumption can be divided into direct and indirect energy consumption, with the economic level of both showed an increasing trend, of which indirect energy consumption is much higher than direct energy consumption. The most important factor that affects the energy consumption of urban residents is disposable income of residents. Empirical results show that the income elasticity of indirect energy consumption of urban residents is three times of that of general consumer income. This shows that the increase of income leads consumers to choose more energy-intensive products, mainly in transportation and communications, healthcare and living expenses. China should make every effort to reduce the indirect energy consumption of the family in promoting sustainable consumption, developing and promoting energy-saving technologies and industrial restructuring.