上呼吸消化道多发性鳞癌的发病率高达20%,甚或更高。其原因是对其警惕有了提高,促使研究更加广泛。按上呼吸消化道多中心鳞癌的第二癌发生时间可分成同时性癌和异时性癌。前者是与首发癌同时或在6个月内被发现和诊断的,后者系在首发癌发现6个月后始被诊断。对上呼吸消化道多发性原发肿瘤的临床意义只是至今才被重视。识别同时性多发癌对治疗计划有深远的影响,而异时性癌也改变着人们对“五年治愈”的概念。多发癌对生存的影响尚无定论。本文通过对548个病例的随诊观察,对其生存率进行了分析。548例中,同时性癌197例, The incidence of multiple squamous cell carcinomas of the upper respiratory tract is as high as 20%, or even higher. The reason for this is that there has been an increase in their vigilance, which has prompted more extensive research. According to the time of the second cancer of the multi-center squamous cell carcinoma of the upper respiratory alimentary can be divided into simultaneous cancer and metachronous cancer. The former was discovered and diagnosed with the first cancer at the same time or within six months, and the latter was diagnosed six months after the first cancer diagnosis. The clinical significance of multiple primary tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract has only been considered so far. Identifying simultaneous multiple cancers has far-reaching effects on treatment plans, and metachronous cancers also change the concept of “five-year cures”. The impact of multiple cancers on survival is inconclusive. This article analyzed the survival rate of 548 cases after follow-up observation. In 548 cases, there were 197 concurrent cancers.