围产期是早产儿、宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)和住过院的新生儿容易受到伤害的时期,这个时期发生在分子和细胞水平的事件可能导致婴儿终身的表型改变,这是疾病发展起源假说的基础。早期事件改变远期健康的分子机制是染色质的表观遗传修饰,其可改变基因表达和随后的表型。在营养学领域,研究表观遗传修饰对宫内胎儿和出生后早产儿的生长和发育都很重要。一、营养和疾病的发展起源生命早期的不良因素可导致后期疾病的发生已被人们广泛认可。Barker最初描述其为疾病的发展起源,该学说集中了众多优秀的流行病学研究。有证据表明,宫内环境不良婴儿神经发育障碍、肺部疾 The perinatal period is a period in which premature infants, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and neonates who have been hospitalized are easily injured. Events occurring at the molecular and cellular level during this period may lead to phenotypic changes throughout the life of the infant, which is a disease progression The basis of the origin hypothesis. The molecular mechanism by which early events alter long-term health is the epigenetic modification of chromatin, which can alter gene expression and subsequent phenotype. In the field of nutrition, studying epigenetic modifications is important for the growth and development of intrauterine fetuses and prenatal infants. First, the origin of the development of nutrition and disease Adverse factors of early life can lead to the occurrence of late disease has been widely recognized. Barker originally described it as the origin of the disease, which focused on a number of excellent epidemiological studies. There is evidence that impaired uterine environment infantile neurodevelopmental disorders, lung disease