采用数值模拟和残余应力实测方法,研究水冷法改善1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢管和20钢圆管的多层对焊残余应力分布的有效性。结果表明水冷法可有效调整圆管的焊接残余应力分布,使圆管内表面的焊接缝附近区域获得双向压缩残余应力。应力腐蚀敏感性实验结果表明,水冷法可显著提高焊接圆管的抗应力腐蚀性能。 Numerical simulations and residual stress measurement methods were used to study the effectiveness of water cooling in improving the residual stress distribution in multi-layer butt welds of 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel and 20-steel pipe. The results show that the water cooling method can effectively adjust the welding residual stress distribution of the circular tube and obtain the bi-directional compressive residual stress in the area near the weld seam on the inner surface of the circular tube. Stress corrosion sensitivity experimental results show that water cooling method can significantly improve the resistance to corrosion of welded pipe.