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傳統社會中對於君臣關係十分注重,喪事是帝王向臣下表達關懷之情的重要場合,所謂“臨禮”甚至可以上溯至先秦~(〔1〕)。兩漢以來,大臣重病和喪亡之際皇帝往往有親臨問弔之儀,例如《漢書》就有霍光“地節二年(前70)春病篤,車駕自臨問光病,上爲之涕泣,光上書謝恩”的記載,此後又有其病卒,“上及皇太后親臨光喪”之事。东汉也有功臣吴漢“病篤,車駕親臨,問所欲言”~(〔2〕),於是歷代形成傳統。北魏孝文帝甚至因廣川王諧葬禮下詔定“三臨”之禮,“欲令諸王有朞親者爲之三臨,大功之親者爲之再臨,小功緦麻爲之一
In the traditional society, there was a great deal of emphasis on the relationship between the monarch and the minister. The funeral was an important occasion for the emperor to express his caring feelings to the minister. The so-called ”imperial rite“ can even be traced back to the pre-Qin period (1). Since the Han Dynasty, the minister seriously ill and died when the emperor often have in person to ask the hanging instrument, for example, ”Han“ there Huo light ”to two years (70) spring disease Tuk, , Light on the book Xie En “records, then there are its paternity, ” and the Empress Dowager personal light funeral “thing. The Eastern Han Dynasty also has hero Wu Han ”disease Benedict, drive in person, ask what they want “ ~ ([2]), so the history of the formation of tradition. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty and even because of Guangchuan Wang harmonic funeral decrees ”three Pro “ ceremony, ”To make the kin have a pro who is the third Pro,