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目的了解上海市中心城区各类学校环境蚊虫侵害水平,评估学生人群发生蚊媒相关疾病的风险。方法随机选取黄浦区的5所托幼机构、4所小学和3所中学作为调查对象,采取孳生地调查和人诱法成蚊监测结合的方法,分别对各学校6、8月蚊虫侵害状况进行调查分析。结果 2012年8月与6月相比,托幼机构、小学和中学的白纹伊蚊平均密度均出现较大幅度上升(0.25vs.0只/30min.监测点;3.67vs.0.92只/30min.监测点;0.11vs.0.06只/30min.监测点,上升幅度均超过100%),其中8月托幼机构和小学的成蚊密度分别达到0.45和3.67只/30min.监测点;托幼机构和中小学小型积水孳生地阳性率也有不同程度的增加(47.1%vs.16.7%;34.5%vs.28.6%),托幼机构阳性率增加,经χ2检验差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.970,P=0.046)。结论研究发现,上海市中心城区学校的蚊虫侵害指标和蚊虫孳生地平均阳性数均高于上海市地方标准的相应指标,且暑期出现明显上升趋势;建议教育部门及相关学校应加大校园环境的治理力度,确保师生身体健康。
Objective To understand the levels of mosquito infestation in schools in downtown Shanghai and to assess the risk of mosquito-borne diseases among students. Methods Five nurseries, four elementary schools and three middle schools in Huangpu District were selected randomly as the investigation objects. By means of surveys of breeding sites and adult induced mosquitoes, we conducted a survey on mosquito infestation status in June and August in each school research analysis. Results The average density of Aedes albopictus in kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools increased significantly (August vs.0 only / 30 min. . Monitoring points; 0.11 vs. 0.06 only / 30 min. Monitoring points, both increasing by more than 100%), with adult mosquito density reaching 0.45 and 3.67 / 30 min respectively in August. Monitoring points; Kindergartens (47.1% vs.16.7%; 34.5% vs.28.6%). The positive rate of kindergartens and nurseries increased, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3.970 , P = 0.046). Conclusions The study found that the mosquito index and the average number of mosquito breeding sites in schools in downtown Shanghai were higher than the corresponding indicators of local standards in Shanghai and there was a clear upward trend in summer. It is suggested that education departments and related schools should increase the campus environment Governance efforts to ensure that teachers and students good health.