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目的探讨AIDS脑部常见疾病CT特点,提高诊断水平。方法对25例AIDS患者脑部CT资料进行回顾性分析。结果急性HIV脑炎6例,CT平扫基底节区、侧脑室周围见片状低密度,增强1例无强化;亚急性HIV脑病5例,表现为不同程度的脑萎缩。弓形体脑病4例,CT示深部脑白质的等密度结节及周围水肿或大片水肿区内见等密度环。巨细胞病毒脑炎3例,CT示双侧枕叶、内囊后肢和丘脑对称性低密度。进行性多灶性脑白质病3例,CT示额、顶、枕叶皮质下多个片状低密度,近邻脑回更清晰,远离脑室。混合感染性脑病4例,包括2种疾病的CT特点。结论CT检查有益于AIDS常见脑部病变的鉴别诊断。
Objective To explore CT features of common brain diseases in AIDS and to improve the diagnostic level. Methods 25 cases of AIDS patients with brain CT data were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 6 cases of acute HIV encephalitis, the CT scan of the basal ganglia showed flaky low density around the lateral ventricle and no enhancement was observed in 1 case. Subacute HIV encephalopathy was found in 5 cases, showing varying degrees of brain atrophy. Toxoplasma encephalopathy in 4 cases, CT showed deep white matter of equal density and nodular edema or edema area see the isodense ring. Cytomegalovirus encephalitis in 3 cases, CT showed bilateral occipital lobe, hind limbs and thalamus symmetry of low density. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in 3 cases, CT showed the top, occipital lobe cortical multiple low-density, proximal brain back more clearly, far from the ventricle. Mixed Infectious Encephalopathy in 4 cases, including CT features of two diseases. Conclusion CT examination is beneficial to the differential diagnosis of common brain lesions of AIDS.