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虽然对于探索哮喘等气道疾病的潜在治疗方法和揭示气道系统中有趣的生物物理现象等意义重大,气道缩窄的生物力学模型研究一直是既吸引人又充满挑战的研究领域。近年来,这方面的研究呈现方兴未艾的形势,新的现象和新的研究思路不断出现。本文简要介绍这方面部分最新的研究进展,重点介绍针对哮喘气道缩窄行为,致力于解释在体气道行为的生物力学模型,尤其是不仅探讨孤立气道力学行为,而且也探讨气道间相互耦合和与周围环境耦合的气道力学模型。这些相互作用涉及气道和缠绕其上的气道平滑肌层,也涉及气道动态相互作用导致的气道—肺实质通气的空间分布形态等新颖的行为和现象。
Although there are significant implications for exploring potential therapies for airway diseases such as asthma and revealing interesting biophysical phenomena in the airway system, biomechanical modeling of airway constriction has been an attractive and challenging area of research. In recent years, the research in this area has shown the situation in the ascendant. New phenomena and new research ideas are emerging constantly. This article presents some of the most recent advances in this area, highlighting the biomechanical models that address airway constriction in asthma and explain the behavior of airways in the body, and in particular not only isolated airway mechanics but also airway Airway mechanical models that couple to each other and to the surroundings. These interactions involve the airway and the airway smooth muscle layers that are entangled with it, as well as novel behaviors and phenomena such as the spatial distribution of airway-lung parenchyma caused by dynamic airway interactions.