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人民币汇率问题,已成为当前中美贸易中的一个非常突出的问题。近几年来,美国国会内的一些人多次以中国操纵货币、中国汇率制度违反1974年美国贸易法301条款为由,向美国贸易代表提出调查申请,遭到拒绝,后又在国会内一次次提出有关货币的立法提案,在2007年就出现了多个较为正式的提案。本文以WTO规则和国际货币基金协定为依据,分析美国国会有关货币的立法提案的背景、性质、地位和作用,结合中美贸易的实践,特别是近几年来有关人民币汇率争端,指出美国国会有关货币的立法提案的实质,提出相应的一些观点和建议。
The RMB exchange rate issue has become a very prominent issue in the current Sino-U.S. Trade. In recent years, some people in the U.S. Congress have repeatedly rejected the application of the U.S. trade representative’s investigation on the grounds that China manipulated the currency and that the Chinese exchange rate system violated section 301 of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974, which was rejected again and again in the National Assembly Proposed legislative proposals on currencies, in 2007 appeared a number of more formal proposals. Based on the WTO rules and the agreement of the International Monetary Fund, this article analyzes the background, nature, status and function of the legislative proposal of the US Congress on the currency. Combining with the practice of Sino-US trade, especially in recent years the RMB exchange rate dispute, pointing out that the US Congress The essence of the monetary legislative proposal, put forward some corresponding views and suggestions.