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本文结合理论推导和实地测量,针对传播信道在发射和接收天线采用特定极化时所表现出的各向异性特征进行了研究。利用信道极化各向同性的假设,推导了极化信道相关矩阵的解析表达式,并由此得出相关矩阵的秩在理论上不超过4的结论。其次对典型室内环境进行实地测量,通过将发射和接收天线分别设置为12个和2个不同的极化方向来采集信道冲激响应数据,进而得到其极化信道相关矩阵的特征值谱。最终通过对比,发现部分实测信道特征不同于基于各向同性假设得到的理论预期,从而揭示了在室内传播环境中信道极化各向异性存在的可能性。
In this paper, theoretical derivation and field measurement are combined to study the anisotropy characteristics of propagation channel in the specific polarization of transmitting and receiving antennas. Based on the assumption of isotropic channel polarization, the analytic expression of polarization channel correlation matrix is derived, and the conclusion that the rank of correlation matrix does not exceed 4 in theory is obtained. Secondly, the typical indoor environment is measured on the spot. The channel impulse response data is acquired by setting the transmitting and receiving antennas to 12 and 2 different polarization directions respectively, and then the eigenvalue spectrum of the polarization channel correlation matrix is obtained. Finally, we find that some of the measured channel characteristics are different from those based on the isotropic assumption, revealing the possibility of channel polarization anisotropy in the indoor propagation environment.