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目的探讨护士职业紧张与月经异常的关系。方法应用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)、生殖健康调查表等对福州市某三级甲等医院519名女护士的职业紧张、月经情况及其它影响因素进行调查;采用SPSS 18.0统计软件,单因素及多因素非条件logistic回归分析等统计方法分析。结果519名护士中,月经周期异常率为25.6%,痛经发生率为48.4%,经量异常率为13.1%,月经总异常率为63.0%。低职称及非正式在编组的月经异常率较高;未婚和已婚护士的月经异常组职业紧张程度(264.99±25.66,267.72±28.59)均高于月经正常组(248.14±26.58,258.49±26.48),未婚和已婚护士高职业紧张组月经异常率分别为82.1%、55.3%,均高于低职业紧张组(43.9%,32.5%)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,职业紧张进入回归方程,高职业紧张与低职业紧张组比较,OR值为2.440(95%CI:1.457～4.085),任务模糊和躯体紧张进入回归方程。结论职业紧张是影响护士月经异常的主要危险因素之一,任务模糊和躯体紧张反应是导致护士月经异常的主要职业紧张因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress and abnormal menstruation in nurses. Methods OSL-R and reproductive health questionnaire were used to investigate occupational stress, menstruation and other influencing factors of 519 female nurses in a tertiary level hospital in Fuzhou. SPSS 18.0 statistical software Factors and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods. Results Among 519 nurses, the abnormal rate of menstrual cycle was 25.6%, the incidence of dysmenorrhea was 48.4%, the abnormal rate of menstrual flow was 13.1%, and the total abnormal rate of menstruation was 63.0%. Low professional titles and irregular marshaling had a higher rate of abnormal menstruation; occupational stress in the group of unmarried and married nurses with abnormal menstruation (264.99 ± 25.66, 267.72 ± 28.59) was higher than that of the normal menstruation group (248.14 ± 26.58, 258.49 ± 26.48) The abnormal rates of menstruation in high occupational stress group were 82.1% and 55.3% respectively, which were higher than those in low occupational stress group (43.9%, 32.5%). Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that occupational stress entered the regression equation. The OR was 2.440 (95% CI: 1.457 ~ 4.085) in the high occupational stress and low occupational stress groups. The tasks were ambiguous and the somatic tension entered the regression equation. Conclusion Occupational stress is one of the major risk factors affecting menstrual abnormalities in nurses. Ambiguous tasks and somatic stress are the major occupational stress factors that cause nurses’ abnormal menstruation.