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20世纪80年代国外将百日咳发病水平控制在低点后陆续出现百日咳发病反弹的报道,研究学者将该现象称为“百日咳再现”. “百日咳再现”对免疫规划时期百日咳的防控提出新的挑战.百日咳发病率上升的同时,其流行特征亦发生改变,原先的应对策略已无法满足“百日咳再现”的防控需求. 该文将对国内外“百日咳再现”的流行病学特征、传播模式的改变、“百日咳再现”的原因及其应对策略进行综述,对我国面对“百日咳再现”的防控形势提出建议.“,”The incidence of pertussis was controlled to the lowest level in 1980s overseas, but the increased incidence was reported by many researchers afterwards,such phenomenon was named as “re-emer-gence of pertussis”.Re-emergence of pertussis have brought a new challenge to the prevention and control of pertussis at expanded program on immunization period.The epidemical features of pertussis is also changed as the incidence increases.Therefore,the old control strategy has been unable to meet the demand to control reemergence of pertussis.Here is to make a review of the epidemiological characteristics , communication modes,causes and control strategy of re-emergence of pertussis in order to make suggestions for the control and prevention of re-emergence of pertussis in China.